Supercomputer

Supercomputer is a computer which performs the highest operational rate for computers. The supercomputers are typically used for scientific and engineering application where they must handle huge amount of database and great amount of computations.

Mainframe Computer

Mainframe computer is that computer which is used in huge business where the data is processing in huge amount and processed the data so many times where may require too much CPU cycles (some of the computers may flunk). Mainframe computers are very similar to the supercomputers but the supercomputer calculates algorithms which has so many integration and differentiation and lots of calculation steps, where the mainframes are calculate simple calculations like addition and subtractions.

Micro Computer

Microcomputer is a computer which has microprocessor as a central processing unit (CPU). Microcomputers has cpu, memory, and input and output device. This computers are physically very small than mainframe computer and supercomputers. Micro computers are also called personal computer (PC) which are designed for personal or individual use.

Mini Computer

Minicomputers are those computers which are mid size between microcomputers and mainframe computers. This computers are using in large enterprise  where 4 to 400 person can use this computer at a time. In recently mini computer evolved mid range of server computer eg. AS/400e.

An analog Computer is a form of computer which uses the continuously changeable aspects of physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical or hydraulic quantities to model problem being solved. The Mechanical Analog computer were very important in gun fire control in second world war.

Digital Computers are that computer which has the capable of solving problems by processing information in discrete form. It operates on data including magnitudes letters and symbols that are expressed in binary form.   Digital computers can perform such tasks as to control industrial processes and regulate the operations of machines (analyze and recognize vast amount of business data) and simulate the behavior of dynamic systems. (eg. global weather patterns and chemical reactions etc.) 

Hybrid computers are that computer which has both analog and digital computer's functions and features. Analog computers provide efficient processing of different equations and digital computer provide logical operations associated with system.Creating this type of integrated computer, the benefits of both analog and digital  computer are readily available. Hybrid computer is extremely fast when it comes to managing equations, even those calculations are extremely complicated.

The generation of Computer is characterized by major technological development. The Scientist changed the Computer's fundamentally for easy to operate, smaller in size, cheaper in price, more powerful,efficient and reliable devices etc.

The first generation of computer had used vacuum tubes for circuits and magnetic drums for memory. Size of first generation computer is like a room so it used more electricity and generated lots of heat which may cause of fire.

the first generation computers understood the lowest-level programming language to perform operations and they could solve the problems only only one time. Punched cards and paper tapes are input device and print out was output.

The UNIVAC and ENIAC are the examples of first generation of computer.

In second generation, vacuum tubes replaced by Transistors. The Transistors was very superior to the vacuum tubes. Then the size of computer also become smaller, faster, cheaper, and more reliable than first generation computer. The punched cards still used for input and printout for output. Although the transistor had still generated more heat which may cause of damage the computer.

The second generation computer moved from binary machine language to symbolic or assembly language which allowed programmers to specify instructions in words. The high level programming language also developed in this generation. The memory of computer changed form magnetic drum to magnetic core technology.

In third generation of computer Transistors minimized and placed silicon chips called semiconductors. This computers increased the speed and efficiency of computers. In this generation punched cards changed into keyboard as a input device and printout to monitor as a output device. The operating system used as a interface which allowed the device to run many different applications at one time. This computers were the first time become accessible to the each and every person because they were smaller and cheaper price.

In forth Generation of computer thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip called microprocessor. In 1971 Intel 4004 chip developed as a central processing unit which controls input and output altogether.

The parallel processing and superconductors are the making artificial intelligence. Voice recognization has been used in this generation. Quantum computation, molecular and nanotechnology will radially change the face of computers in fifth generation. The goal of Fifth Generation Computer is to develop the device which respond to natural language input and capable of learning and self organization.

What is Computer?

Computer is an electronic device which is designed to work with informations. The term computer is derived from the Latin. The Latin word computare measn to calculate. Computer can not do anything without program. Computer takes information (data) as a input and process the information and gives the result (output). We can save the output data for the future use. Computer can process both numerical and non-numerical (Arithmetic & Logical) calculations.